A Case Report on Management of a Case of Malaria

Abstract

Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases and a great public health problem worldwide, particularly in Asia , India . The organism that causes the most dangerous form of malaria is a microscopic parasite called Plasmodium falciparum. This parasite is transmitted by mosquito species belonging to the Anopheles genus and only by females of those species. There is growing international agreement on how best to use prevention and treatment methods that are available. The most effective prevention measures include the use of mosquito bed nets treated with long-lasting insecticides – to avoid the mosquito bites and to kill the mosquitoes – and spraying the inside walls of houses with similar insecticides to kill malaria-carrying mosquitoes. The most effective treatment for malaria consists in using a combination of several anti-malarial drugs, one of which is a derivative of artemisinin.  Main symptoms and/ or Important clinical finding :- A 24year old female was admitted in A.V.B.R.H. on date 20/02/2021 with chief complaint of shaking chills, that can range from moderate to severehigh fever ,profuse sweating ,headache ,nausea ,vomiting, abdominal pain ,diarrhoea, anemia ,muscle pain since 5 days. The main diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, and outcome :- After physical examination, investigation and test, the  patient was diagnosed as malaria. Doctor done a physical examination . In investigations blood tests. Blood tests can indicate:- The presence of the parasite in the blood  to confirm  malaria. Depending on your symptoms, your doctor may order additional diagnostic tests to assess possible complications. Therapeutic intervention– After physical examination and investigation doctor diagnosed a case of malaria  with patient was treated analgesics drug to reduce pain. Antipyretic  drugs gives to reduce fever also to maintain body temperature and provide iron supplementary , protein powder .Antimalarial medication is used to prevent and treat malaria antipyretics given such as  Tab. Paracetamol 500mg( bd )Patient was treated analgesic  drugs to reduce pain also provide iv fluids ,Cap.doxycycline100mg(TDS), tab. Dolo 650 mg(OD) ,Inj. Emset 4mg through iv(OD) .Tab Chloroquine phosphate 250 mg (BD)  is the antimalarial medication to treat malaria. Nursing perspectives :- Administration fluid replacement .i.e DNS and RL, monitored vital signs per hourly,  IV fluid was provided to maintain the fluid and electrolyte. Hydrotherapy given because patient had fever. Maintained TPR chart properly. Maintained intake output chart properly. Provided adequate rest and sleep to the patient.

Conclusion:- Clinical malaria case definitions are affected by age and endemicity, which needs to be taken into consideration during evaluation of interventions. Patient’s general condition improved and patient got discharge after 5 days.